Hi Moiz,

Q6. No, that is not possible. Unconditioned stimuli cause unconditioned responses, and conditioned stimuli cause conditioned responses. The act of causing a conditioned response would make it a conditioned stimulus.

Q9. Maintenance Factor 1 is a conditioned response because it involves the association of mild bodily changes (neutral stimulus) with the sensations experienced during panic attacks (unconditioned stimulus) and the sense of panic they cause (unconditioned response). This results in the mild bodily changes becoming a conditioned stimulus for panic (now a conditioned response).

Q38. The distinction between social activities and relationships is essentially the reasoning for the correct answer. While social activities may involve family or friends with whom an individual shares a close relationship, that is not necessarily the case. The individual may be going to a public space or event, surrounded by strangers or acquaintances. While this might help stave off loneliness or boredom, as the answer suggests, it would not a true social support system.

Q46. An assimilated group and a peer group are similar in that both would suggest the immigrant teen is already culturally indistinct from the dominant culture of the American teens, and not just beginning to change his identity and behaviour in reference to them. It may be the case that the teens of the dominant culture are a majority group (the dominance of the culture likely stems from being a majority), but it is not the actions of the immigrant teen adjusting his culture that makes them the majority.

Nicole